Kidney failure is a
medical condition in which the kidneys no longer function. They lose the
ability to filter the blood and do not remove waste products from the blood in
such a condition. Kidneys are the organs that filter waste products from the
blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte
balance, and red blood cell production in the body.
Symptoms of kidney disease
In the early stages of
kidney disease, people can have no symptoms. In fact, some people have no
symptoms until over 90 per cent of their kidney function has gone. This is
unfortunate because early detection of kidney disease and treatment is the key
to preventing kidney failure.
Symptoms
of kidney disease can include:
·
Headaches
· Tiredness
· Difficulty sleeping
· Pain in the kidney area
· Shortness of breath
· Nausea and vomiting
· Changes in the amount and number of times urine is passed
· Changes in the appearance of urine or blood in the urine
· Tiredness
· Difficulty sleeping
· Pain in the kidney area
· Shortness of breath
· Nausea and vomiting
· Changes in the amount and number of times urine is passed
· Changes in the appearance of urine or blood in the urine
Causes of kidney failure
Some of the causes of kidney failure include:
Diabetes
(diabetic kidney disease) – even if it is well managed,
diabetes can cause kidney damage
High
blood pressure (hypertension)
Glomerulonephritis
– swelling or inflammation of the tiny filtering units (nephrons) in the
kidney. Also known as nephritis
polycystic
kidney disease – an inherited condition that causes
thousands of cysts to form in the kidneys
Types of kidney failure
Kidney failures can be divided into three major
categories.
Acute
renal failure
It is a condition in
which the kidneys stop functioning rapidly. They do not take a long time period
and get affected suddenly. There can be various reasons behind it like certain
medication, sudden illness or a certain medical condition.
Chronic
kidney disease
In chronic kidney failure, kidney failure develops
gradually over a period of months or years. It can happen due to many reasons
like diabetes, high blood pressure or kidney inflammation. It can also happen
due to consumption of a certain drug which affects kidney for a long time.
End-stage
kidney disease
This is the final stage of kidney disease when
dialysis or kidney transplant is the only option to save a person's life. It
usually occurs in people with a longstanding chronic disease.
Treatment for kidney failure
The treatment choices for kidney failure include:
·
Dialysis
·
kidney transplantation
·
Non-dialysis supportive care.
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